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2011年8月7日星期日

浪遊夏灣拿呼吸熱情空氣

古巴,一個遙遠而陌生的國家。除了哲古華拉、古巴雪茄、西半球唯一的社會主義國家、拉丁美洲唯一的白人國家之外,你對她的認識又有幾多?筆者懷着一點好奇,隻身闖入這個神秘國度,穿街過巷,親身體驗當地的熱情與性感。
 

鐵幕下的自由  

夏灣拿街上沒有任何商業廣告,只有哲古華拉、卡斯特羅的大相片和大量的革命口號,如「保護革命」、「革命或死亡!」等,彷彿上世紀50 年代的革命仍在燃燒。美國形容古巴是「鐵幕國家」、「警察國家」。其實,古巴和伊朗一樣,大家走一趟就會明白,這是無法抗拒的「邪惡」!特別在全球一體化的俗流中,古巴是難得一見的清泉,與眾不同的國度。

在古巴4天,我拿着相機到處「攝獵」,包括機場禁區、政府建築物、軍人等,從沒有警察來干涉;任何雜誌都可帶入境,包括我的英文古巴導遊書(裏面有大量批評古巴共產政府的言論!);古巴青年穿着「 I Love NY」的T恤招搖過市,也有商店的女售貨員,用電腦大聲播放Lady Gaga的流行曲……相比起政治上的封閉,大街上到處可呼吸到「自由」,令人有冰火般的快感。

社會主義國家的天主教總堂,香火依然旺盛。
社會主義國家的天主教總堂,香火依然旺盛。
街頭個體戶會幫遊客紮辮仔,但那個姐姐的表情,似乎有點痛……
街頭個體戶會幫遊客紮辮仔,但那個姐姐的表情,似乎有點痛……
進口歐洲車,是部分富裕古巴人的上等玩意。
進口歐洲車,是部分富裕古巴人的上等玩意。
這個廣告牌的西班牙語意指「51年的鬥爭和勝利」,感覺真係又紅又專。
這個廣告牌的西班牙語意指「51年的鬥爭和勝利」,感覺真係又紅又專。
夏灣拿街頭有不少性感美女,猶如一道清泉。
夏灣拿街頭有不少性感美女,猶如一道清泉。
古巴所有煙草田都是國有的,煙農將九成收穫上交國家,留下一成自用。
古巴所有煙草田都是國有的,煙農將九成收穫上交國家,留下一成自用。

必試古巴之寶

古巴的第一「寶」是雪茄。古巴的熱帶氣候和肥沃紅土,造就了世界上最好的雪茄,代言人有古巴三大英雄——折古華拉、海明威和卡斯特羅。據聞,古巴的雪茄由年輕女工以玉手在赤裸的大腿上捲成,捲入了青春與激情。但我眼見的事實是,捲煙工人大多都是伯伯,幸好雪茄的質素不變,而且風味像紅酒一樣,愈陳愈醇。

雪茄在古巴由國家專營,世界公認最好的雪茄品牌Cohiba,由古巴政府於1966年創立。選用全國最佳產地Vuelta Abajo雪茄園出產的最優質煙葉來製作雪茄,期間大約須時3年及80餘道工序,最便宜的一盒5支,索價CUC 47 (約HK$367)。

另一「寶」是古巴Rum酒。它透明無色、味道嗆辣,我試過齋飲,那燒灼的感覺比「二鍋頭」還要掯,但用來調製Mojito,卻又性感迷人。Havana Club是古巴最好的Rum酒品牌,也是愈陳愈正。而最貴的是7年陳的Anejo,其色澤深褐,韻味悠長。我買了一支,但付了錢才想到:可以帶上飛機嗎?店員一臉理所當然地回應:「這個世界沒有人要恐襲古巴。」果然!我笑了。

半個世紀以來,很多人想暗殺卡斯特羅,方法花樣百出——有人想過在卡斯特羅最愛Cohiba中落毒,這就是《殺死卡斯特羅的638種方法》紀錄片的由來。
半個世紀以來,很多人想暗殺卡斯特羅,方法花樣百出——有人想過在卡斯特羅最愛Cohiba中落毒,這就是《殺死卡斯特羅的638種方法》紀錄片的由來。
各種年份的Havana Club Rum酒,可以留到上機前買,機場價與市區價相同。
各種年份的Havana Club Rum酒,可以留到上機前買,機場價與市區價相同。
難以相信這麼糜爛的資產階級放縱畫面,出現在嚴肅的社會主義國家。
難以相信這麼糜爛的資產階級放縱畫面,出現在嚴肅的社會主義國家。
一盒Cohiba盛惠CUC 367 (HK$2,863),對不嗜雪茄的我來說太貴了。
一盒Cohiba盛惠CUC 367 (HK$2,863),對不嗜雪茄的我來說太貴了。
Lucia和我一齊高聲Rap!她為我的古巴之行增添了熱情。
Lucia和我一齊高聲Rap!她為我的古巴之行增添了熱情。
備註:文章節錄自項明生新作《10天敢動假期:墨西哥、古巴》,版稅全數撥捐「小母牛」。新書分享會於今天1:30pm~3:30pm假會展N206~8會議室舉行。
 

燃燒中的熱帶青春

古巴人的血液中,大抵充滿能歌善舞的基因。話說,我在海濱大道欣賞完最美的日落,登上古巴特色的Coco Taxi(椰子的士),來到Miramar新區的Casa la Musica(音樂之家)。大家不要被這個老土名字嚇跑,它查實是國營的士高舞廳加酒吧,是「80後」的夜蒲熱點。入場費只是 CUC 5(約HK$39,不包飲料),店內早已擠滿了跳舞的年輕人,他們一邊喝Rum酒,一邊跟台上歌手起舞,氣氛極之熱鬧。

當地人對我這副東方面孔十分好奇,一個名叫Lucia的女生拉着我跳舞,更將我不停介紹給朋友們認識,有古巴人請我喝Rum酒,還會用國語講「你好」;而Jam歌時,Lucia緊緊擁抱着我,再加上周圍男士的艷羨目光,和Rum酒強勁的酒力,那種感覺真是飄飄然!

遨遊備忘

簽證:持特區護照及BNO均須簽證,須時約5個工作天,簽證費約HK$250。查詢:2525 6320(古巴駐港領事館)

天氣:7月氣溫約15℃~35℃

貨幣:古巴有兩種貨幣,遊客須用外匯券CUC,CUC 1約兌HK$7.8

機票:乘法國航空由香港經巴黎往古巴,來回經濟客位機票HK$13,330起

抬頭望空──解開2012之謎

古人仰望夜空,在黑夜中的月亮特別容易觀察,月亮盈虧一目了然。於是產生了最早的陰曆(中國稱農曆)。根據月亮繞地球運行一周時間為一個月(二十九點五三 ○六天),大月三十日,小月二十九日。但這種簡易目測,誤差較大。一年大約三百五十四或三百五十五日,有時是十二個月,有時是十三個月,十三個月中有一個月稱為閏月,如閏七月,閏三月等。

直至天文技術成熟後,古人才能觀察到太陽在曆法中的更準確作用。羅馬教皇很不情願地,在一五八二年宣佈使用陽曆(西曆、新曆、公曆),以地球繞太陽公轉為主要依據。陽曆一年為三百六十五點二四二五日,接近平均回歸年的三百六十五點二四二一九日,即約每三千三百年誤差一日,成為全世界現行的曆法。中國在一九一二年開始採用羅馬陽曆。

但是,在地球另一端,西元前六世紀,已經有人發明了精確無比的陽曆,並以此預測行星運作、預測日蝕月蝕。

瑪雅曆法異常複雜。不同中國二千多年只使用農曆,瑪雅同時使用三種系統的曆法(有點像我們近百年公曆、陰曆並用),並以複雜的方式互相同步、並緊密結合,形成無限長遠的天文周期「紀」。分別是長曆(LongCount),卓爾金曆(Tzolkin),及哈布曆(Haab)。

曆追蹤月亮盈虧,可以視為我們的陰曆,用為瑪雅碑文銘刻用的日期。

卓爾金曆一年二百六十日,以二十個日名以及十三個日數構成,用來決定宗教及祭典項目的時間,並做占卜用。例如,在Akbal日出生的小孩會被認為女性化、富裕、具有和超自然世界溝通的能力,所以將來可能會成為一個祭司,而二百六十日,也剛好是人類的孕期。

瑪雅末日之謎

十五世紀,西班牙殖民地主發現一個新大陸的神秘土著部族,他們的天文曆法比同期歐洲更先進精確,他們的興亡更是一個謎。

那�,是全世界最多UFO出沒之地。這個神秘土著部族,叫瑪雅人,活在石器時代,但對天文、宇宙的認知,比歐亞民族更精準,先進程度令人懷疑他們不是源自地球,而是外星人到訪遺下的後代。

五千年來,東西文明有眾多宗教、神話、預言家、巫婆描繪了或預言了無數個世界末日,但無一次兌現。但這五千年�,瑪雅人描繪了唯一經得起科學驗證的一次世界末日。而且,這也是去年才得到證實。

六千五百萬年前,一顆直徑達十五公里的小行星撞中奇琴伊察以西數百公里一個叫Chicxulub之地,撞擊能量相當於廣島原爆的十億倍,導致地球大災難,包括發生超級地震、大海嘯,大撞擊數日後,地球上大部份動物和生物滅絕,包括橫行各地的恐龍。撞擊遺留的隕石坑叫希克蘇魯伯隕石坑,直徑約有一百八十公里,約四個香港島大小。

 直到去年三月五日,經二十年研究,美英日等十二國天文科學家在《科學》雜誌上發表研究結論,承認跡近世界末日的巨災。

一千年前,活在石器時代的瑪雅人已預知了這次巨禍。Chicxulub是古瑪雅語,意思是——「惡魔的尾巴」,形象地描繪出了六千五百萬年前撞擊地球的一夥小行星。按瑪雅人的日曆,地球經歷了四次末日,他們推算最後一次、即第五次未日,將是瑪雅曆三一一三年,亦即是西曆二○一二年十二月二十一日。

今天,我到訪瑪雅的宏偉建築物、世界新七大遺跡之一——奇琴伊察金字塔,對人類的遭遇,陷入了沉思。
 
■墨西哥的奇琴伊察,仍然有很多瑪雅人的後裔。
■希克蘇魯伯隕石坑。

戀上古巴 無法自控

在與西方世界接軌的國家,自由行很容易,包括外國人要去的中國。當然,代價就是無法體會七十年代的根紅苗正、又紅又專的特色中國了。

所以,我要趁緬甸、伊朗、伊拉克、北朝鮮,利比亞和古巴,還是美國所謂的「邪惡軸心(Axisofevil)」的倖存成員時,還敢高舉反美帝旗幟時,還敢叛逆世界潮流的當下,還未被資本主義無比銅臭污染時,就去體會這種真實脫俗的非同凡響、清新秀麗。我敢說,甘心守覑邪惡的鶴立雞群,比身邊眾多庸俗不堪地跟大隊、跟世界潮流,大概困難和勇敢一百倍吧。

經過一個星期策劃,終於,我的古巴之夢成行了。經外地網友介紹,認識了一位曾去過古巴的朋友,他確定地告訴我,在墨西哥坎昆可以輕易買到第二天去古巴的機票,不用事先在香港買。而在墨西哥坎昆Cancun機場,用香港特區護照可以落地簽證,進入古巴。

沒機票和簽證在手的我在網上查詢住宿。古巴夏灣拿有唯一一間五星級酒店HotelNacionaldeCuba,一九三○年開張,本來是美國品牌洲際酒店,但古巴革命後,被充公成為國營酒店。硬體望上去不錯,但聽聞服務態度惡劣。我更想深入體會古巴人的生活,古巴有五千間特色民宿Casa,絕對是古巴之行的亮點。

千間Casa民宿,該如何選擇呢?先看美國網站TripAdvisor的網評,再看中港台各旅遊論壇和博客的親身體驗,選擇十多間民宿後,就上民宿的網站看相片、看網評。

 位於新城區Vedado的民宿,是很多革命前富人的獨立洋房,有麻石大宅、羅馬門柱、雲石地板和前後花園。民宿價格受國家控制,徘徊在二十五至三十 CUC(約港幣二百五十元至三百元)。夏灣拿沒有地鐵,出入交通都靠的士,所以我純粹是「選妃」一樣,只看外觀!
 
■古巴,獨樹一幟的南半球唯一的社會主義明燈。
■美商的洲際酒店,被充公成為國營的古巴國家酒店Hotel Nacional de Cuba。

墨西哥、古巴

二○一一年,有國家限制同一時間不可有逾十二人用餐?全國不納稅?禁止國民買賣車輛、房屋?一國兩幣?那個國度叫古巴!

來去無蹤神秘的瑪雅人,一千年前經預示這個世界末日在二○一二年,而世上最大遠古天文時計則位於墨西哥。

短短五千年之間,人類由六大古文明、到航海大發現、工業大革命,飛快地以光速征服了地球每個角落、擒拿了每一種飛禽走獸、攀上了世界屋脊、深潛到了海脇。同時害得八百多種生物絕種、原始森林砍伐掉九成、環境污染到頭上的臭氧層都穿了兩個大洞。

高度文明下,七十億人昂然進入千禧年代。歡迎我們的,是沒有停過的地震、海嘯、瘟疫、洪水、颱風、乾旱、全球暖化、大量動物離奇死亡……無一不在陳述地球在哭泣。

地球,四十五億年前誕生,五千年結果。果子,會有掉下來的那一天?是末日徵兆嗎?

雅人哈布曆中,二○一二年十二月二十一日是地球的末日。於是,我決定啟程前往瑪雅人的家鄉──中美洲的墨西哥以及旁邊的古巴。在奇琴伊察的金字塔上,破解二○一二年瑪雅末日之謎;在古巴入住大使女兒的民宿,做一晚加勒比海的孤兒;在《老人與海》的酒吧和海明威對飲他最愛的Mojito;呼吸夏灣拿的空氣,還有 BuenaVistaSocialClub的餘音裊裊;在坎佩切街市認識墨西哥獨特的死神文化;前往迷失的瑪雅首都帕倫克,找尋變身太空人的瑪雅王;深入辣椒之鄉Tabasco,探索美洲文明之母──奧美克文明。不可能的神奇旅程,全部在十日內發生!
 
■瑪雅人就是在美洲最精確的瑪雅金字塔,計算出世界末日將發生在二○一二年十二月二十一日。
■古巴永恆的英雄──哲古華拉。

2011年7月17日星期日

墨西哥、古巴

一一年,有�家限制同一��不可有逾十二人用餐?全�不��?禁止�民����、房屋?一���?那��度叫古巴!

�去��神秘的�雅人,一千年前��示��世界末日在二一二年,而世上最大�古天文���位於墨西哥。

短短五千年之�,人�由六大古文明、到航海大��、工�大革命,�快地以光速征服了地球每�角落、擒拿了每一��禽走�、攀上了世界屋脊、深�到了海�。同�害得八百多�生物��、原始森林砍伐掉九成、�境污染到�上的臭氧�都穿了��大洞。

高度文明下,七十�人昂然�入千禧年代。�迎我�的,是�有停�的地震、海�、瘟疫、洪水、��、乾旱、全球暖化、大量�物�奇死亡……�一不在�述地球在哭泣。

地球,四十五�年前�生,五千年�果。果子,�有掉下�的那一天?是末日徵兆�?

雅人哈布�中,二一二年十二月二十一日是地球的末日。於是,我�定�程前往�雅人的家�──中美洲的墨西哥以及旁�的古巴。在奇琴伊察的金字塔上,破解二一二年�雅末日之�;在古巴入住大使女�的民宿,做一晚加勒比海的孤�;在《老人�海》的酒吧和海明威��他最�的Mojito;呼吸夏�拿的空�,�有 BuenaVistaSocialClub的�音��;在坎佩切街市��墨西哥�特的死神文化;前往迷失的�雅首都帕�克,找��身太空人的�雅王;深入 辣椒之�Tabasco,探索美洲文明之母──�美克文明。不可能的神奇旅程,全部在十日��生!
 

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�雅人就是在美洲最精�的�雅金字塔,�算出世界末日��生在二一二年十二月二十一日。

 

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古巴永�的英雄──哲古�拉。

 

2011年7月3日星期日

十天敢動假期: 墨西哥、古巴

兩週內第五次重遊令人懷念的中美洲!
因為今天是第四校我的新書《十天敢動假期: 墨西哥、古巴》!
每一次的校對, 都是重踏一次風光明媚的地方, 重遇熱情似火的拉丁美洲朋友們, 絕對是享受哦!
終於, 依依不捨地, 今晚, 開始印刷了!

2011年6月12日星期日

A CNN insider's guide to Havana, Cuba

Havana, Cuba (CNN) -- What is your favorite neighborhood? Why?

It's a touristy area but one that's really well kept is old Havana so when I haven't been for a while I get in a nice early morning or late afternoon stroll, get a cup of coffee, listen to the bands who play Buena Vista Social Club-style music, which is probably a bit touristy for Cubans but it's really nice.

Where is the best place to people-watch?

By far the best place is the Malecon, the sea wall. Think of it as Cuba's free bar. Every night, especially at weekends, hundreds of Cubans go down there, often with a bottle of rum, to sit on the wall. People promenade; others strum music.

It's crowded and rowdy in some areas and quieter and more romantic in other spots, so depending on your mood you can pick a place that suits.

Where can you get the best view of the city?

There's a building called FOCSA that has a bar and restaurant at the top. I'd skip the restaurant but the view is great, so go up and have a drink and look out over the city.

There's also an old Spanish colonial fort called El Morro on the other side of the bay from Havana. You can get there by car. It has a couple of state-run bars and restaurants. Again, I wouldn't eat there, but it's a nice place to go at sunset, have a drink and enjoy the view of the bay and the seafront.

How do tourists stick out and what's the best way to blend in?

You can't blend in. It's very difficult. And they don't want you to! If you get a tan and don't carry a camera, that'll help, but it's hard not to stand out.

What's the biggest misconception about your city?

Maybe the old cars. There are a lot of old cars but most people are surprised when they come that probably the most common are 1980s Russian Ladas because of Cuba's closeness to the Soviet Union. So you see lots of boxy cars driving around, and plenty of new cars.

The old American classics aren't disappearing, but so many other cars have hit the roads that they aren't as obvious as they used to be.

Where should people stay in Havana?

There are two ways to do Havana: hotels and private homes. All hotels are either state-run or joint ventures with big hotel chains.

Depending on your budget and what you're looking to experience, private homes are a great way to discover Cuban life.

From accommodation near old Havana, which can be a bit more basic as demand is higher there, or further afield, where some homes even have swimming pools, for around 25-45 bucks a night you'll get a room with air conditioning and a private bathroom.

Where do you go to relax?

To the Hotel Nacional -- it has an outdoor grassy lawn that overlooks the Malecon. It's a good place to take kids because they can chase the peacocks that wander around and roll around in the grass while you relax with a drink and watch the world go by.

What essential thing should visitors see/experience if they only have a few hours?

Old Havana in the day and the Malecon at night.

What's the biggest tourist trap? Is there a "tourist trap" that's actually worth seeing?

You have to recognize that tourism is an important source of income. You'll stick out, so everywhere you go, people will spark up a conversation with you. Generally they are looking for something -- commission from a restaurant for bringing you there, or to sell you some cigars, that sort of thing. You can't stop it, so recognize it for what it is -- people simply trying to make a living -- and take it with a bit of good humor.

Be aware that in some of the late-night dance places, as in many tourist spots, you can get hustled. If you want to avoid people trying to make a buck off a tourist, try and experiment with some private restaurants that aren't in old Havana -- you may have a more authentic, interesting experience too.

What's the food scene like in Havana?

It used to be a joke in the 1990s during the post-Soviet economic crisis that the three main failures of the Cuban revolution were breakfast, lunch and dinner -- that's not true any more.

Since the restrictions on private enterprise were relaxed last year, more businesses are opening up and the number of restaurants is mushrooming, so there are suddenly far more exciting places to visit. Often they're run out of people's homes (establishments known as "paladares"). You'll find good food, good service and it's a really nice experience.

Which restaurant would you take your loved one to for an anniversary or other special occasion?

One that's been around for a few years is La Guarida. It's in a sketchy part of town, a relatively poor part right in the center, but in Cuba everywhere's pretty safe. It's in a very typical Cuban building, the sort that you think of when you think of Havana -- falling down, crowded with people. You walk up three flights of stairs to get there. The movie "Strawberry and Chocolate" was filmed there, then it was turned into a restaurant. It has a great atmosphere, it's very romantic, there's great kitsch décor and you can really feel the culture dripping off the walls.

A new option is L'Atelier in the Vedado neighborhood. It has high ceilings, breezy curtains, very nice food and atmosphere and an outdoor space where you can lounge around on pillows and have drinks. It serves international cuisine that's more original than a lot of restaurants here -- a nice mix.

Are there local specialty dishes or drinks that visitors must try?

One typical dish that I really like is ropa vieja -- it means "old clothes" -- shredded beef with spices, usually served with rice and beans. Cubans do wonderful black beans. Another specialty is malanga fritters -- it's a tuber like a potato and they often mash it with garlic to make these amazing fritters.

The national drink is of course the mojito. Don't leave without trying one - they're delicious. Experiment with rum while you're here, too -- they make everything from cocktail white rum to some very nice dark aged rum that you can drink on its own -- sip that on the Malecon, it's a nice way to spend an evening.

Where's your favorite place to spend a night out on the town?

The best thing to do at night is go and listen to jazz -- there's lots of great Latin jazz in Cuba -- or go salsa dancing. Cubans are great salsa dancers and there are lots of quality venues. For a more authentic experience, go in the early evening, at around 7pm, to a matinee -- it's cheaper and that's often when Cubans go. Later on, towards midnight, you'll find more tourists. Restaurante 1830 is a great place for this. You can watch the dancing while relaxing under a mango tree in the garden.

What is a good local souvenir?

If you're not American, cigars and rum are terrific options. Obviously if you're American you can't bring most things home, but you can still buy art -- that doesn't break the embargo. There are lots of great crafters and artists and if you go to the arts and crafts market in old Havana you can find terrific photos or small paintings that easily cost under $20.